Percentage Calculator

A percentage is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%". The word percentage comes from the Latin per centum, which means "by the hundred."

Basic Percentage Formulas

There are three common types of percentage calculations:

1. Finding a percentage of a value

Example: What is 25% of 200?

Calculation: (25 / 100) × 200 = 0.25 × 200 = 50

2. Finding what percentage one value is of another

Example: 50 is what percentage of 200?

Calculation: (50 / 200) × 100% = 0.25 × 100% = 25%

3. Finding percentage increase or decrease

Example: If a price increases from $100 to $125, what is the percentage increase?

Calculation: ((125 - 100) / 100) × 100% = (25 / 100) × 100% = 25%

Applications of Percentages

Percentages are used in many different contexts:

• Education: Grading systems, test scores, and academic achievement
• Finance: Interest rates, discounts, taxes, tips, and price changes
• Business: Profit margins, growth rates, and market share
• Statistics: Data analysis, population studies, and survey results
• Science: Concentration levels, efficiency measurements, and error rates

Converting Between Percentages, Decimals, and Fractions

Converting Between Forms

• Percentage to Decimal: Divide by 100 (or move the decimal point two places to the left)
• Decimal to Percentage: Multiply by 100 (or move the decimal point two places to the right)
• Percentage to Fraction: Divide by 100 and reduce to lowest terms
• Fraction to Percentage: Divide numerator by denominator and multiply by 100

Note: This calculator provides straightforward percentage calculations for common scenarios. For more complex percentage problems or statistical analysis, consider using our specialized calculators or consulting with a mathematics professional.